|
CLIMATE OF
TURKEY
Although Turkey is situated in a geographical location where climatic conditions are quite
temperate, the diverse nature of the landscape, and the existence in particular of the
mountains that run parallel to the coasts, results in significant differences in climatic
conditions from one region to the other.
Turkey
's diverse regions have different climates, with the
weather system on the coasts contrasting with that prevailing in the interior. The
Aegean
and
Mediterranean
coasts have cool, rainy winters and hot, moderately dry
summers. Annual precipitation in those areas varies from 580 to 1,300 millimeters, depending
on location. Generally, rainfall is less to the east. The
Black Sea
coast receives the greatest amount of rainfall. The eastern part of that coast averages
1,400 millimeters annually and is the only region of
Turkey
that receives rainfall throughout the year.
Mountains close to the coast prevent Mediterranean influences from extending inland, giving
the interior of
Turkey
a continental climate with distinct seasons. The
Anatolian Plateau is much more subject to extremes than are the coastal areas. Winters on the
plateau are especially severe. Temperatures of -30°C to -40°C can occur in the mountainous
areas in the east, and snow may lie on the ground 120 days of the year. In the west, winter
temperatures average below 1°C. Summers are hot and dry, with temperatures above 30°C.
Annual precipitation averages about 400 millimeters, with actual amounts determined by
elevation. The driest regions are the Konya Ovasi and the Malatya Ovasi, where annual rainfall
frequently is less than 300 millimeters. May is generally the wettest month and July and
August the driest.
The climate of the
Anti-Taurus
Mountain
region of eastern
Turkey
can be inhospitable. Summers tend to be hot and
extremely dry. Winters are bitterly cold with frequent, heavy snowfall. Villages can be
isolated for several days during winter storms. Spring and autumn are generally mild, but
during both seasons sudden hot and cold spells frequently occur.
Although
Turkey is situated in a geographical location where climatic conditions are quite temperate,
the diverse nature of the landscape, and the existence in particular of the mountains that run
parallel to the coasts, results in significant differences in climatic conditions from one
region to the other. While the coastal areas enjoy milder climates, the inland Anatolian
plateau experiences extremes of hot summers and cold winters with limited rainfall.
Average Temperatures By Region (in Celsius):
|
MEDITARRANEN
|
17.2
|
|
BLACK
SEA
|
12.5
|
|
MARMARA
|
14.2
|
|
AEGEAN
|
4.3
|
|
CENTRAL ANATOLIA
|
0.7
|
|
EASTERN ANATOLIA
|
8.1
|
|
S.EAST
ANATOLIA
|
16.0
|
Average Tmp. By Most Important Touristic
Places in mounths(in Celsius):
|
Mounths
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Oct
|
Sep
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
|
Antalta
|
10
|
11
|
13
|
16
|
20
|
25
|
28
|
28
|
25
|
20
|
15
|
12
|
|
İzmir
|
9
|
10
|
11
|
16
|
20
|
25
|
28
|
27
|
23
|
18
|
15
|
10
|
|
İstanbul
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
12
|
16
|
21
|
23
|
23
|
20
|
16
|
12
|
8
|
|
Trabzon
|
6
|
6
|
7
|
11
|
15
|
20
|
22
|
22
|
19
|
15
|
12
|
9
|
|
Ankara
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
11
|
16
|
20
|
23
|
23
|
18
|
13
|
8
|
2
|
|
Erzurum
|
-9
|
-7
|
-3
|
5
|
11
|
15
|
19
|
20
|
15
|
9
|
2
|
-5
|
|
Diyarbakır
|
2
|
2
|
8
|
14
|
19
|
26
|
31
|
31
|
25
|
17
|
10
|
4
|
Average
Sea
Tmp. By Most Important Touristic Places in
mounths(in Celsius):
|
Mounths
|
Jan
|
Feb
|
Mar
|
Apr
|
May
|
Jun
|
Jul
|
Aug
|
Oct
|
Sep
|
Nov
|
Dec
|
|
Antalta
|
17
|
17
|
17
|
18
|
21
|
24
|
27
|
28
|
27
|
25
|
22
|
19
|
|
İzmir
|
11
|
11
|
12
|
15
|
20
|
24
|
25
|
26
|
24
|
21
|
17
|
13
|
|
İstanbul
|
9
|
7
|
8
|
11
|
15
|
20
|
23
|
23
|
21
|
17
|
14
|
11
|
|
Trabzon
|
10
|
9
|
9
|
10
|
14
|
20
|
24
|
25
|
24
|
20
|
16
|
13
|
|
